Puno City

At A Glance

History

The past and present of Puno is largely influenced by its alluring neighbor, Lake Titicaca.

The Inca Empire reigned from the 14th through the mid-15th century. Their lands extended over present-day Peru and into parts of Bolivia, Chile, Argentina, and Ecuador.

Lake Titicaca was sacred to the Incas.  According the legend, Viracocha, the Inca God of Creation, emerged from the deep blue depths of Lake Titicaca and created the sun, the moon, the stars, and mankind. The discovery of gold and silver added to the region’s appeal. The Incas also used the altiplano landscape to cultivate high-altitude crops and raise herds of llamas and alpacas for wool and meat.

The Spanish conquest of the Inca Empire transpired from 1531 to 1533. Francisco Pizarro and his troops led the fight to dismantle Inca rule in Cusco. Shortly thereafter they arrived to the Puno and Lake Titicaca region on a mission to colonize southern Peru. Interest in the region was fueled by gold and silver, which led to violent conflicts during the mid-1600s over power over the mines.

Puno city was established in 1668 as the capital of Puno Province of southern Peru. The Catholic influence brought by Spanish colonialism is echoed by the grand churches built in the following decades that still line the streets of Puno.

During the 1780s, the indigenous communities in the Puno and Lake Titicaca region were among many that fought for their independence from Spain. Peru declared its independence from Spain in 1821.

As the main port of Lake Titicaca, the commercial importance of Puno continued to grow. In 1861, the Peruvian government ordered two small cargo-passenger “gunboats” for Lake Titicaca to improve the trade of regional goods. The Yavari ship (now the Yavari Ship Museum in Puno) was one of these iron ships that was carried in pieces by mules from the coast all the way to Puno where it was rebuilt.

Today, Puno city is celebrated as the folklore capital of Peru. The largest annual celebration in Puno is the Feast of the Virgin of Candlemas, in honor of the town’s patron saint. It’s a colorful mixture of Catholic beliefs paired with native Aymara and Quechua dances from the region. Travelers use Puno city as a hub to visit the exciting cultural highlights of Lake Titicaca and other highlights.

Geography

Puno rests on the northwest shores of Lake Titicaca in the southern Peru. This highland plateau region is known as the Altiplano and extends into western Bolivia. On the opposite side of the lake from Puno, in Bolivia, the Cordilleras Real jut up from the altiplano landscape and create a stunning skyline of snowcapped peaks.

Distances from Puno

• to Cusco, Peru, 240 mi / 390 km
• to Arequipa, Peru, 190 mi / 300 km
• to Yunguyo, Peru (Bolivia border crossing), 80 mi /130 km
• to Copacabana, Bolivia, 87 mi /140 km
• to La Paz, Bolivia, 170 mi /270 km

What is the altitude of Puno?

The city of Puno is located at about 12,500 ft (3,800 m) above sea level. This is slightly higher than the elevation of Cusco city at 11,120 ft (3,400 m).

Altitude sickness is a common health concern for travelers going to Puno. Everyone’s body reacts different when ascending rapidly to altitudes greater than 8,000 ft (2,500 m). Acute symptoms of altitude sickness, the most common form of the disorder, include headache, fatigue, insomnia, and loss of appetite. Severe reactions to the altitude are hard to predict.   Before you travel, ask your doctor about medications to help acclimate to the high altitude.  During your visit to Puno, keep hydrated, avoid heavy meals, and try coca leaf tea, a local remedy used to combat altitude sickness symptoms.

Attractions

Puno Celebrations

Festival of the Virgin of Candlemas (Candelaria)

The Candelaria festival in Puno stands out as one of the most elaborate cultural celebrations in Peru. The festival is often compared to Brazil’s Carnival in Rio de Janeiro because of its grandiose scale, number of participants, and religious syncretism of Catholic evangelization mixed with native Aymara and Quechua folklore.

Held during the first two weeks of February in honor of the city’s patron saint, the festivity begins with a religious procession at San Juan Bautista Church. Parades, live music, and even fireworks unfold in the following days. More than 40,000 dancers decked out in beautiful costumes perform in folkloric dance competitions. During the celebrations, thousands of tourists and locals mix and mingle in shared merriment.

In 2014, UNESCO recognized the annual Feast of Virgin of Candlemas in Puno as an Intangible Cultural Heritage practice. Amidst the whirlwind of activity, it’s easy to see how the Puno earned its title as Peru’s folklore capital.

See the Cultural Norms section for a complete list of annual celebrations in Puno city.

Churches

Puno Cathedral (Catedral de Puno)

Puno Cathedral borders the western side of the city’s Plaza de Armas. Built in 1757 under the direction of Peruvian architect Simón de Asto, the church is considered one of the best expressions of Baroque architecture infused with Andean elements. The intricate designs carved into the stone facade at its entrance are particularly captivating illuminated at night. In 1930, a fire destroyed many of the original paintings in the Puno Cathedral. Inside, the marble altar designed by celebrated Peruvian architect Emilio Hart-Terré is a standout feature in an otherwise simple interior.

• Location: Plaza de Armas, Puno
• Admission: Free

San Juan Bautista Church (Iglesia de San Juan)

San Juan Bautista Church is the sanctuary of Virgin of Candlemas (Virgen de Candelaria). The city’s popular Feast of the Virgin of Candlemas celebration takes place during the first two weeks of February. Morning mass is held at San Juan Bautista Church on the first day and then the statue of the Virgin is carried along the streets during a religious procession accompanied with festive dancing and music.

The church itself started out as a simple adobe chapel. During the mid 19th century, it was rebuilt and became the San Juan Bautista Church. The yellow church with red trim bears a distinct French-style exterior that you’ll see passing through Pino Park (Parque Pino) in town.

• Location: Pino Park, Puno
• Admission: Free

Museums

Carlos Dreyer Museum  (Museo Carlos Dreyer)

Head to the Carlos Dreyer Museum for a look at the Puno region’s history and culture. The museum has several artifacts displayed in an Inca Room, Lithic Gallery, Regional Archaeology Hall, Sillustani room, Art Gallery, Colonial Room, Religions Art Room and the Dreyer Inca Room. The well preserved mummies and gold pieces in the Sillustani room are among the impressive relics. These treasures were discovered at the tower-like ancient burial site of Sillustani, now an important archaeological site located outside of the Puno City.

The fellow for which the museum is named, Mr. Carlos Dreyer (1895-1975), was a German artist. In 1930, Dreyer settled in Peru along the shores of Lake Titicaca and established an art studio in Puno. The beautiful Andean landscapes inspired his artwork and the rich history of the region became a lifelong interest. Dreyer collected hundred of Pre-Hispanic, Colonial and ethnological objects during his lifetime, which his children donated to the Municipal Council of Puno after his passing. These artifacts were integrated with other historical pieces, now on display at the the Carlos Dreyer Museum.

• Location: Calle Conde de Lemos Jr. 289 (2 blocks from the main plaza of Puno)
• Admission: 15 Soles for foreigners

Yavari Boat Museum

Visitors can tour the Yavari Boat Museum docked along the shores of Lake Titicaca near Puno city. During the 19th century, this iron steamboat was used to transport natural resources (such as silver) across the lake and connected many remote communities.

The ship’s long voyage to Lake Titicaca in Peru is quite a tale. Purchased by the Peruvian government from a British-based company, the Yavari from Europe sailed across the Atlantic Ocean and around the Cape Horn to Peru. It was then dismantled into thousands of pieces and hauled by mule into the Andean region to Lake Titicaca. This was no easy task and took a painstaking five years to transport all the parts and rebuilt the Yavari ship on the shores of Lake Titicaca. On December 26, 1870, the ship made its maiden voyage on the lake waters.

In 1987, efforts to restore the deteriorating frame of the Yavari ship began after have been abandoned. Its engine has since been fixed, original parts repaired, and the exterior painted. In 1998, the Yavari ship was declared a museum by Peru’s Ministry of Culture.  This historic boat also doubles as the Yavari Bed & Breakfast. Overnight reservations can accommodate up to seven guests in four cabins with bunks.

• Location: The Yavari Boat Museum is at the dock of the Sonesta Posadas del Inca Hotel in Puno.
• Admission: Free (Donations accepted)
• http://www.yavari.org/

Naval Museum (Museo Naval)

The Naval museum opened its doors in 1999 to showcase the maritime heritage of Lake Titicaca, from Inca-constructed reed boats centuries ago to steamships transporting goods across the lake during the 19th century. On display at the small but intriguing museum are historic documents, old photos, refurbished ship equipment, and honorary relics, like the sword of renowned 18th century Peruvian naval officer Miguel Grau.

• Location: Av. El Sol 725, Puno
• Admission: Free (Donations accepted)

Landmarks & Lookouts

Deustua Memorial Arch (Arco Deustua)

The lofty stone Deustua Memorial Arch over the street Jr. Independencia in Puno pays tribute to the soldiers who fought during the Wars of Independence against Spain. It was built in 1847 by General Don Alejandro Deustua.

Condor Hill (Mirador de Kuntur Wasi)

The large statue of a condor with outstretched wings can be seen from the streets of Puno atop Condor Hill. Visiting this lookout point offers sweeping views of the city and Lake Titicaca. Keep in mind that the top of Condor Hill is located at a whopping 13,180 ft (4,017 m) above sea level. To get there, it’s best to hire a taxi if you have not had time to acclimate to the altitude so you don’t not overexert yourself walking up the series of steps to the top.

Note: Condor Hill is not a tourist frequented site. Visiting at night is not advised.

Puma Uta Lookout (Parque Mirador Puma Uta)

Puma Uta is located about 2 mi (3 km) northwest of Puno. At the hilltop lookout point, a large statue of a puma casts a permanent gaze over the port city and Lake Titicaca below. It’s the perfect spot to snap some great photos!

Cultural Norms

Puno, the Folklore Capital of Peru

Puno is the folklore capital of Peru. This recognition stems from the wealth of artistic expressions and dynamic traditions showcased during the city’s numerous Aymara and Quechua-infused celebrations.

When Spanish colonialism made its imprint on the altiplano region during the 16th century, the indigenous communities adopted Catholicism in a selective manner. Churches were built in Puno city and Catholic holidays asserted into the annual calendar. Yet no local would think about planting crops without paying respects to Pachamama, or “Mother Earth”. The end result was a glorious mix of religious syncretism that is evident in its annual folkloric celebrations.

Things to Do

Explore the streets Puno

The city’s pedestrian boulevard, Calle Lima, is a block away from the main plaza. This central thoroughfare is lined by shops, bars, and restaurants. Must-see city attractions include the Puno Cathedral, the Carlos Dreyer Museum, and the Yavari Boat Museum.

Celebrate the Candelaria Festival

The Feast of the Virgin of Candlemas is one of Peru’s largest festivities and recently earned the recognition as an Intangible Cultural Heritage practice by UNESCO. This two-week celebration in Puno every February honors the city’s patron saint. In a vibrant display of faith and devotion, the city streets are abuzz with religious processions and dancing competitions rooted in Aymara and Quechua tradition. Over 40,000 dancers and musicians from all over the region are joined by thousands of locals and foreigners during this festival. You too can experience the truly unique cultural flare of Candelaria!

Take the train to Puno

The Andean Explorer is a luxurious train that runs between Cusco and Puno city. Cruise along this beautiful stretch of railway across high altitude plains, past towering Andean peaks and glacially-fed lakes, and through small rural communities.

Hotels

Accommodations in Puno range from hotels located in the heart of Puno city to luxurious lakeside options. Talk with your travel advisor about your hotel reservations in advance during travel dates during the February Candelaria and November Puno Day celebrations. The following are our preferred hotels for Puno and Lake Titicaca, selected by our staff for their exceptional service and superb amenities.

Services:
Restaurant Internet Laundry Service Gift Shop Room Service Gym Spa

Hotel Libertador Lake Titicaca

★★★★★

Isla Esteves s/n , Puno

Libertador Lago Titicaca is a luxurious low-rise hotel located about 3 mi (5 km) from Puno city itself and nestled right on the shores of Lake Titicaca on a private peninsula. For travelers who enjoy tranquility in a lovely setting as well as high quality services, this elegant hotel is, without a doubt, one of the area’s most well-appointed lodging options. All 123 guest rooms are comfortable, tastefully decorated, and equipped with all latest modern amenities. In addition, they all boast splendid views of the shimmering Lake Titicaca and its floating islands, as does the excellent restaurant. This hotel is also known for the excellence of its expert staff.

Hotel Libertador Lake Titicaca

Services:
Restaurant Internet Laundry Service Room Service Parking Bar

Casa Andina Premium Puno

★★★★

Avenida Sesqui Centenario 1970, Sector Huaje, Puno

Boasting magnificent views of Lake Titicaca, this upscale hotel in Puno, featuring an amazing gourmet restaurant, bar and terrace, will guarantee you a memorable stay. The traditional Andean architectural theme of Casa Andina Premium Collection Puno can best be described as understated elegance, where obvious care has been taken to allow the spectacular surroundings to speak for themselves, rather than detract from them. Rooms are sophisticatedly furnished in a classic but elegant style, and most of them feature attractive wooden balconies from which to admire the spectacular views of Lake Titicaca.

Casa Andina Premium Puno

Services:
Restaurant Internet Laundry Service Gift Shop Room Service Parking Bar

Sonesta Posada del Inca Puno

★★★

Sesquicentenario 610 Sector Huaje, Puno

Resting on the banks of Lake Titicaca, Sonesta Posada del Inca Puno is cheerfully designed with warm colors and adorned with Peruvian art. Featuring plush, comfortable rooms, Posada is surrounded by beautiful mountains and is only a short boat ride away from the amazing floating islands. Service is hospitable and the lobby features a cozy fireplace.

Sonesta Posada del Inca Puno

Services:
Restaurant Internet Laundry Service Baby Sitter Room Service Parking Bar

Xima Puno

★★

Avenida Chulluni 195, Puno

A few minutes drive from downtown, Xima Puno Hotel (ex-Eco Inn) is a charming hotel with beautifully landscaped grounds. As expected, this modern hotel offers great comfort and excellent service at affordable prices. Each of its spacious rooms, 61 in total, are adorned with wooden floors, blackout curtains, and splashes of red decorative flare. Open daily, the hotel’s Ayara Restaurant is open for breakfast, lunch and dinner.

Xima Puno

See all Lake Titicaca & Puno Hotels

Where to Eat

The culinary scene in Puno is not as refined as Lima or Cusco, but there are still some great sit-down restaurants to enjoy a hearty meal after a long day of exploration. Mojar Restaurant and La Casa del Corregidor Cafe Bar are among the most popular options located on the city’s main plaza. Don’t forget to browse the restaurant menu at your hotel as these kitchens are often hidden oases of culinary goodness.

Mojsar Restaurant

Mojsar Restaurant is one of the nicest dining options in Puno. Its relaxed ambience and charming balcony with views overlooking the Puno Cathedral is a great way to unwind after a long day of exploration. Order from a well-assorted menu of typical Peruvian dishes including Aji de Gallina, Lomo Saltado, and Rocoto Relleno. Try the Cuy al Horno (baked guinea pig) if you’re up for a culinary adventure. Craving the familiar? Ask for an oven-baked pizza topped with your favorite ingredients. Warm up on a chilly night in Puno with a mulled red wine or Pisco-infused cocktail from the restaurant’s bar.

• Location: Jr. Lima 635 (2nd floor), Puno
• http://mojsarestaurant.com/en/portada/

Cafe Bar de la Casa del Corregidor

Bordering the town’s main plaza, this cafe is a pleasant spot to enjoy a casual meal. Its menu includes Peruvian and international soup, salad, sandwich, and savory main course options. Trucha a La Plancha (grilled trout) and Lomo Saltado are yummy local dishes. For lighter fare, order Tequeños with guacamole or Alpaca bbq sticks. Accompany your meal with a fresh fruit juice or caffeinated beverage made with organic coffee.

The cafe is housed in the charming “Casa del Corregidor” (an old colonial houses in Puno and Historical Monument of Colonial Architecture) that’s across from the cathedral. Its vibrant yellow exterior makes it hard to miss!

• Location: Jr. Deustua 576, Puno
• http://cafebar.casadelcorregidor.pe/?c=pagina&m=home&i=en

Weather

Puno Climate

The altiplano region where Puno city is located has a semi-arid climate. Windy conditions on Lake Titicaca can cause temperatures to drop in the port city. Snowfall is exceptionally unlikely. Daily temperatures don’t vary much throughout the year and average between 60-65ºF (15-18ºC). At night, temperatures get very chilly.

Dry Season Vs. Rainy Season

• Dry Season is from April to November. Weather conditions are usually sunny and pleasant. In June and July, nighttime temperatures generally hover above freezing.
• Rainy Season is from December to March.  During these months, clear mornings are typical with rainfall in the afternoons.  January and February see the heaviest rainfall.

When is the best time to visit Puno?

• Peak travel season is during the months of June, July, and August. These months are at the heart of the region’s dry season.
• Shoulder season falls between the rainy season and peak dry season; April-May and September-November. The weather during these months is pleasant and there are fewer tourists. April and May – after the tail end of the rainy season – is a particularly beautiful time to visit Puno because the surrounding landscapes are green and flowers are in bloom.

Travel Tips

Puno Overview

• Population: About 150,000 people
• Language: Spanish is used for day-to-day business in Puno city. Travel and hotel staff and our tour guides speak english. Outside of the city, the Aymara and Quechua languages are commonly spoken in local communities.
• Wireless Internet is available at most hotels as well as some restaurants and cafes.
• Banks and money exchange offices can be found in and around the city’s main plaza.

What should I pack?

Pack some short and long sleeve t-shirts in addition to a warm jacket to wear at night when temperatures get really chilly. Plan to dress in layers so you can add and remove clothing as the temperature changes. A comfortable pair of shoes with good traction are ideal for day tours organized from Puno city. Don’t forget protection from the strong sun; glasses, hat, and sunblock.

How to get to Puno

• By Plane: There is no airport in Puno. But travelers can fly to the Inca Manco Cápac International Airport in Juliaca, about 30 mi (50 km) away, and then take a bus, taxi, or private transport to the city.  A direct flight from Lima to Puno (Juliaca Airport) is 1 hour and 45 minutes.
• By Bus: Bussing to Puno from Cusco (6-7 hours) and Arequipa (5-6 hours) is a convenient option. For optimal comfort, ask your travel advisor to book a fully reclining seat (full or semi-cama).
• By Train: PeruRail operates the Andean Explorer train which runs between Cusco and Puno. The luxurious 10-hour ride (one-way) chugs past beautiful towering Andean peaks and small rural villages. The Puno train station is located inside the city (Av. La Torre 224).

In and Around Puno

• Puno City:  Many attractions, restaurants, museum, and shops located around the main plaza are navigable on foot. Puno-hotels located on the outskirts of town are about a 15-minute taxi drive from the downtown area.
• Puno to the islands: Boat tours to the different islands of Lake Titicaca depart from the Port of Puno and private piers of hotels.
• Onward travel to Bolivia: From Puno city, the closest town in Bolivia is Copacabana (also on the shores of Lake Titicaca) is about 90 mi (140 km).  Buses depart from the station in Puno and then stop at the Yunguyo border crossing before continuing onto Bolivia. In addition to their passport, citizens of the United States, Canada, United Kingdom, and Austria need to pay a reciprocity fee to enter Bolivia.

Read more about requirements for crossing into Bolivia.

FAQs

How long should I stay in Puno?

The following are some popular Puno-based itineraries;

• A 2-day itinerary is a popular option. Travelers usually arrive to Puno by way of bus or flight from Cusco or Arequipa. After checking into your hotel, you can enjoy the rest of the day at your leisure exploring the city attractions around the main plaza. For a dose of the region’s history, check out the Yavari Boat Museum or the Carlos Dreyer Museum. Then gear up for a tour of the fascinating islands of Lake Titicaca the second day. Our expert guide will take you to the floating islands of Uros made of totora reeds and then to Taquile Island to experience residents maintain time-honored traditions.
• A 3-day itinerary gives you time to visit the region’s best historical sites and appreciate the incredible beauty of the natural landscapes at a slower pace. Explore the city of Puno and enjoy nice sit down dinner on your first day. After a restful sleep, wake up on day two for a cultural exploration of Lake Titicaca’s the islands. Then take a guided tour of Sillustani Chullpas – a sacred burial site now archaeological site – on a hilltop overlooking Lake Umayo about 45 minutes outside of Puno.

How much should I tip my tour guide?

Tipping is a great way to show your appreciation for a job well done, and warmly accepted by your guide. Below are suggested tipping ranges to give your guide for a half or full day tour.

• Half day tour: 10-30 Soles per person
• Full day tour: 20-60 Soles per person

*The ranges represent a total amount that varies with the number of people in your tour group and can be divided amongst everyone. Of course, the amount of tip you leave is at your own discretion.

Is Puno city safe?

Puno is a tourist friendly city. Many travelers will enjoy an incident-free trip, but as with any unfamiliar destinations, it’s always good to be aware of your surroundings and take the necessary precautions. At night in Puno, walk on well lit streets around the touristy-frequented main plaza. For day trips, it’s best to carry around only a modest amount of cash and leave your valuables (bank cards, original passport,etc.) in the safety deposit at your hotel.